
Wampum — A Long Island Native Tradition
Long Island & the Northeast Woodlands
Long before Long Island bore that name, the Algonquian-speaking peoples of its shores — the Shinnecock, Montaukett, Unkechaug, and their neighbors — gathered whelk and quahog from the bays to craft wampum. The white beads came from the spiral columns of whelk shells; the prized purple from the inner lip of the quahog. Each bead was drilled, polished, and strung by hand, then woven into belts that recorded treaties, marked alliances, carried condolence, and passed history between generations. Wampum was never simply currency. It was language, memory, and ceremony — a sacred art form shaped by the same waters that still ring the Island today, and a living tradition the Shinnecock Nation and other Long Island tribes continue to practice.